Fourdrinier machine and process of paper making



May 24, 1927.

G. s. wijn-IAM, JR

FOURDRINIER MACHINE AND. PROCESS OF FAPER MAKING Filed Sept.. 8. 1926 2 sheets-sheet 1 1,629,607 May 24 1927 G. s. wlTHAM, JR

FOURDRIlII-IEJR` MACHINE AND PROCESS OF PAPER MAKING Filed sept. s, 1926 2 sheets-sheet 2 ANDRA/y chines, and

'lates to a new me Patented May 24,1927,

GEORGE STANFORD WITH, JR., F HUDSON FALLS, NEW YOBI.

FOURDRINIER MACHINE AND PROGESiB-,OF PAPER MAKING.

Application Med September 8, 1920. Serial No. 134,284.

' My invention relates to Fourdrinier maart-ic-ularly to improvements designed to ehminate the 'use of deckle straps in machines of the resent type. It also retliod or process yof paper makin whereby aweb is formed over the full wldth ofthe wire.

The present ty es of Fourdrinier machines are provide -wth what are known in the art as deckle straps, consisting of endless belts of-soft rubber lying upon and near the edges ofl the wirc,and there forming lateral dams preventing the pulp fibres from I being .carried i over the edges of the wire before they are suicicntly felted or interlrneshed to form a unitary' web. These straps run over flanged pulleys, and the lower strands thereof are supportedv upon and carried by the moving wire. They usually extendin contact with the wire from the pond to the third suction box and regulate, and necessarily limit, the width of the web which can be formed. The straps are of comparatively large cross section, to provide dams ofthe proper height, and must'be replaced from time to and inconvenience.

Various` schemes for thev elimination of deckle straps have been recently proposed, including the' substitution therefor of stationary plates 'having thin, flexible sheets of rubber in contact with the wire. and :the substitution of air or water jets, either 'with or without a stationary plate, to form dams for holding the stock on the wire.

My invention, in its broadest aspects, contemplates the elimination of all lforms of edge rulers or deckle straps, and involves a new method of procedure whereby th'e full width of the wire is utilized without attendant loss of stock, and an improved product is produced by reason of a better hydration of ya portionl of the stock incorporated therein.

The objects of my mvention', therefore, are to provide a process of paper making which will eliminate all forms of deckle time at considerable expense stantial modification in design, and at comparatively small expense.

My invention, therefore, inafter described-process and the novel elements and combinations .of elements illustrated in a more or less typical form in the iccompanying drawing, and described be- In the drawing- Fg.- 1 is a longitudinal section of the wet end of a Fourdrinier illustrating, on a small scale, the general features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section of Fig.'4 in the plane 2 2;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation or section on the line 3 -3 of the fragmentary portion shown in Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of a portion of the machine showing the application of my device.

In considering the drawings, it will be apparent that only one side of the machine is shown. but it is to be understood that the details of the opposite side are substantially identical with those illustrated.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the breast roll, and 2, the rolls which carry the wire,

3. all of which are in the usual well known' represents the wire pit which acts as a saveall and which is drained through piping, 9, lto the mixing pump, 10. The pump, V10, is also connected to the stock regulator through piping, 11, and serves to intermix the stock ldrained from the wire pit or save-all, 8, with stock from the regulator and force the mixture to the screens, 7, through piping, 12, and valve, 13. 14 represents the tank into which the white water from the suction boxes and couch rolls is drained, and from which it is drawn by pump, 15, and reconveyed to the beaters and a save-all.

includes the herei In its broadest aspects, my invention contemplates permitting the stock to flow unrestrictedly over the edges of the wire, as illustrated by the arrows, 16, in Figs. land 2,' andkthereafter reconveying the overflow to the slice box. This, of course, may be Vdone in 'various ways and by various means, but I prefer to collect the overflow of highly dilute'd stock in `a save-all, such as a closed Wire pit, and use it as a dilutent for the mixture issuing from the stock regulator, and to so adjust the flow fromv the regulator that the re uiting mixture issuing from pump,`10, is of t e proper consistency for delivery to the screens.

Referring particularly to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, which represent in a more or less typical manner'the relative positions of tlie various elements at the wet end of the present type of Fourdriuier, it will be apparent that the stock stream flowing over the edge of wire, 3, at any considerable velocity may be carried beyond the edge of the wire pit, 8, and flow on to the floor, 18. Moreover, pulp and water flowinor over theedges of the wire may be thrown about and into the bearings, 19, of the table rolls. This clearly may be obviated by increasing the width of the wire pit and increasing the length of the table roll shafts, 20, -as may be'l required. However such lchanges in the construction of lthe machine itself are quite unnecessaryl as very good results are obtained by the interposition of plates or other means for deflecting the material flowing over the edges of the wire to the wire it.

Supported upon t e frail, 21, by the elements, 22, is the upper deflecting plate, 23, which extends vertically somewhat above the plane of the upper wire strand. 3, and somewhat below .the-shafts, 20, of the tablerolls, 2, to provide a protection for the bearings, 19. This upper deecting plate is spacedl i horizontally from the edge of the wire. 3,

, wire pit.

and this spacing may be varied by adjusting the binding nuts, 26, which ceac-t with studs, 27, in the rail. Where used, this. delecting plate and the next lower defiecting. plate, 28, should extend from Aa point neargthe slice and in a direction about parallel to the edge of the wire until they reach a point along the wire where the pulp fibers begin to felt or intermesh and cease to be carried over the edges of the wire. In many cases, ten feet is sufficient.

To prevent pulp from being deflected or re-deflected from the upper detleoting plate to the lower strand of wire, 3, where it would soon cause ridges to form and result in breakage, a lower deflecting late, 28, is provided. The upper edge of t is late is somewhat within or behind a vertica plane passing through the outer edge ofthe upper strand of wire, and the lower edge is somewhat outside or in front of such a' lane passing through the outer edge of-theower strand of the wire. In cross` section, this plate may be in an form which will satisfactorily perform tiie function for which it is intended. Where necessary, a third, and

still lower plate, 29, may7 be provided to in- V sure that all the stock will be deflected to the Where the lateral ow of the stock stream just after it strikes the wire, 3, is wholly unrestricted, the resulting web, at the edges and for a substantia distance inwar 1y the web. For the therefrom, is thinner than at the center which necessitates cutting this portion from urpose of reducing the width or extent of t is thinner portion, it is advantageous to use tlie ad'ustable wing plates, 40, which extend a. s say 10.01` 12 inches, from the point where the stock stream first strikes the wire, and the bottom edges of which are just above and out of contact with the wire. platesdo not form a tight seal with the wire, ut nevertheless serve to momentarily reort distance,n

'Ihese wingstrain the lateral flow of the stock thereon.

Theytend to cause the format-ion of small pools ,in the issuing stock streamen each .side of the wire from which the water is vquickly dropped and from which the fibers are deposited near the edges of the wire in a layer approximatin the thickness of the we at oints remote from the edges of the wire. 'llliese plates may be hinged, as shown at 30, and adjusting means comprising binding nuts, 31, and slotted elements, 32, ma f be provided whereby the angle of splay o the wing plates and the splay of the issuing stock streammay be varied, as shown at 29'.

To further regulate and control the width of the stock stream as it issues from the slice, I provide, preferably within the slice box, 5, the adjustable slice plates, 33, which may be moved towards or from the center of the slice, as shown at 33', to narrow or widen the slice opening as may be desirable under the particular conditions affecting the operation. These adjustable slice plates may -be secured in position by the binding nuts, 34, coacting with studs, 35, passing through the slotted openings, 36, in elements, 37. The plates, 33, are also provided with an angular portion, 38, adapted to slide within a recess, 39, in the side of the slice box so that the flow from the slice is substantially limited to the opening included between the plates, 33, at the opposite sides of the machine.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be apparent that there is shown a save-al1, 41, which is not shown in the other drawings, and which serves to protect the lower strand of the wire near the breast roll 1. Where the portion of this save-all the wire and communicates with the ywire pit forms a protection for the -lower strand of the wire. the plate, 29, may stop.

It should be evident from the foregoing that many of the details and elements of my device which I have described, while of great value in obtaining the most satisfactory operation and results, are not absolutely essential, Eind it should also be borne in mind that the mechanical features'are derequired standard signed and illustrated for and as applied to.

loo

no particular form of apparatus is necessary to attain the beneficial results flowing from the utilization of the full width of wire and according to the procedure which I have described above.

Itis therefore to be understood that the lwords which I have used in describing my invention are words of description rather than words of limitation, and that changes within the purview of the appended claims may be iliade without. departing from the true scope and spirit ot this invention.

lVhat I claim is-d 1. In a Fourdrinier machine., the combination with a wire, ot means spaced above but in close proximity to the upper surface thereof for momentarily restraining the lat-- eral flow of stock after it strikes-said wire..

Q. In a Fourdrinicr machine, the combination with a wire. of means tor varying the splay angle of the stock stream after ity strikes the wire.

3. In a I4"ourdrinier machine, the. combination with a. wire, of means t'or momentarily restraining the lateral spread ot' the stock stream after ittlows upoirthe wire, and means for varying the degree ot restraint.

4. In a Fourdrinier machine. the combination with a wire of a plate laterally spaced from and beyond the edge ot' said wire, and adapted to limit the distance that stock will be projected from the wire.

The combination set forth in claim fi, together with means for adjusting the spacing of said wire and plate.

6. In a llourdrinier machine, the combination with a slice and wire, of means for regulating the width of the stock stream issuing beneath the slice, and means laterally spaced from the edge and beyond said Vwire adapted to limit the distance that stock will be projected beyond said wire.

7. In a Fourdrinier machine of the character described, the combination with means for Varying the width of the stock stream issuing upon the wire, of means beyond the apron for momentarily rest'aining the otherwise substantially free, lateral flow of said stream on the wire.

8. In a Fourdrinier machine. the combination with means for varying the width of. the stock stream issuing upon the wire, of means for varying the splay angle of the stream after it strikes the wire.

9. A Fonrdrinier machine having a plate extending longitudinally between the upper and lower strands of the wire adapted to deflect stock flowing over the upper edge ot said wire from the bottom strand thereof.

10. In a Fourdrinier machine. the combination with a wire and slice, ot means for momentarily restraining the lateral flow ot stock on the wire as it issues from beneath the slice, and means for directing the overflow from said wire from the lower strand thereof.

l1. In a Fonrdrinier machine, the combination with a wire and slice, of means for varying the width of the stock stream issu ing from beneath the slice, and means for directing the overflow from said wire from the lower strand thereof.

12. 'In a Fourdrinier machine', the combination with a wire and slice, ot' means for varying the width ot the stock stream issuing from beneath the slice, means for momentarily restricting the lateral flow of said stream on the wire, and means for directing the overfiow'from said wire from the lower strand thereof.

13. In a Fourdrinier machine, the combination with a wire and slice lotmeans for varying the splay of the stock stream issuing from the slice, and means for preventing the overflow of stock from the wire from being deposited on the lower strand thereof.

14. In a. Fourdrinier machine, the combination wit-h a wireI and slice, of means for varying the width of the stock stream issuing from beneath the slice, means for varying the splay of the stream as it issues, and means for protecting the lower` strand of the wire trom stock ove-riowing the upper strand.

15. In a l4`ourdrinier machine adapted to form a. web the full width of the wire, the combination with means for delecting the overflow of stock from the wire to aseparate save-all, ot means for returning said stock to the slice box. i

i6.v In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full width of the Wire, the combination with means for deieeting the overflow of stock from the wire to a separate save-all, of means for mixing the con ,tents of the save-all with stock 'from theI regulator and returning the mixture to the screens.

17. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full width off the wire, a plurality of plates extending longitudinally ot the wire and adapted to deflect material overflowing the wire to a save-all.

1S. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a, web the full width of the wire. wing plates adjacent the slice and extending lon i,- tudinally of and in close proximity to tiey upper surface of the wire for a comparative? ly short distance, whereby of the stock on the wire is momentarily restrained.

19. In a- Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full width ot the wire, the combination with means adapted to intei-, cept the loverflow from the wire, of means for returning said overow to the stock supply.

20. In4 a. Fourdrinier machine, the comthe lateral flow Y bination with a slice and Wire, of means for regulating the Width of the stock stream as it issues upon the Wire, means for intercepting the overflow of stock from said Wire, and means for returning the intercepted flow to the stock stream.

2l. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full width ot' the Wire, the combination with a slice and wire, of means for regulating the Width of the stock stream issuing upon Ithe wire, means for intercepting the overflow of stock from said Wire, and mea-ns for returning the intercepted flow to the stock stream, including means for mixing the intercepted flow withstock from the regulator.

22. ln a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full Width of the Wire, the combination with a slice and Wire, of means for regulating the width of the stock stream issuing upon the wire, means for momentarily restraining the lateral flow of the issuing stock on the wire, means for intercepting the overflow from the wire, and means for returning the intercepted flow to the stock stream.

23. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full width of the Wire, the combination with a slice and wire of means for regulating the Width of the stock stream issuing upon the wire, means for momentarily restraining the lateral flow of the issuing stock, means for intercepting the Olverflow from the wire, and means for returning the `intercepted flow to the stock stream, including means for intermixing the intercepted flow with stock from the regulator.

24. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a web the full Width of the wire, the combination with a slice and Wire, of means for momentarily restraining the lateral flow of stock on the Wire as it issues from the slice, means for intercepting the overflow from the Wire, and means for returning the intercepted How to the stock stream.

25. In a Fourdrinier machine adapted to form a Web the full width of the wire, the combination with a slice and Wire, of means for momentarily restraining the lateral flow of stock on the wire as it issues from the slice, means for intercepting the overflow from the wire, and means foi' returning tl.; intercepted flow to the stock stream intermixcd with stock from the regulator.

QG. The process of forming a Web the full width ot the wire in a Fourdrinier machine, which comprises permitting the stock stream to flow unrestricted] over the edges of the wire. and interceptlng and returning tbe overflow to the stock stream.

QT. The process of forminor a web the full width of the Wire on .a Fpourdrinier machine, which comprises flowing a stream of stock on said wire of a Width less than the wire itself, momentarily restraining the lateral flow o't' said stock and thereafter permitting an unrestricted lateral flow over the edges of said wire, and returning the overflow to the stock stream.

2R. The process of formin a web the full width of the Wire on a. Four rinier machine, which coi'nprises flowing a stream of stock on said wire of a less Width than the Wire itself, momentarily restraining the lateral flow of said stock and thereafter permitting an unrestricted flow over the edges of the wife, intermixing the overflow with new stock to form a properly diluted mixture, and returning the mixture to the stock stream.

29. The process of forming a web the full width of the wire on a Fourdrinier machine, which comprises flowing a stream of stock on said wire and permitting said stream to flow substantially unrestrictedl over the edges of the wire intermixing t e overflow with new stock to form a properly diluted mixture, and introducing the mixture in the stock stream. r

GEORGE STANFORD WITHAM, JR. 

